The period inside quotes rule is a style guideline that dictates where to place a period (or full stop) in relation to quotation marks. This rule can vary depending on the style guide being followed, such as the Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), the Associated Press Stylebook (AP), or the Modern Language Association (MLA) style.
Chicago Manual of Style (CMS)
In CMS, the period is typically placed inside the quotation marks when the quotation is a complete sentence or when the quotation is a phrase or sentence fragment that is set off as a complete sentence by the quotation marks. However, if the quotation is part of a larger sentence, the period may be placed outside the quotation marks depending on the context.
Example: - She said, “The party is tonight.” - The sign read, “Do not enter,” but we did anyway.
Associated Press Stylebook (AP)
The AP stylebook recommends placing the period inside the quotation marks when what is quoted is a complete sentence. If the quotation is not a complete sentence, the period may be placed outside, depending on how the sentence is structured.
Example: - “I love reading,” she said. - He said the meeting would be “a huge success.”
Modern Language Association (MLA) Style
In MLA style, periods and commas are placed inside the quotation marks, regardless of whether the quotation is a complete sentence or not. This is to maintain the integrity of the quotation and to ensure clarity.
Example: - The poet wrote, “The world is too much with us,” which resonated deeply. - The phrase “what a wonderful world” was used in the song.
British Style
In British English, the convention is often to place the period outside the quotation marks, unless the quotation itself is a complete sentence that ends with a period.
Example: - She said, “do not go”, but he went anyway. - The phrase ‘what a wonderful world’ was used in the song.
General Guidance
- When in doubt, consider the grammatical function of the quotation within the sentence and apply the relevant style guide’s rules.
- Consistency is key. Choose a style guide and adhere to its rules throughout your document or publication.
- The placement of periods (and other punctuation) in relation to quotation marks can significantly affect the clarity and readability of your text. Ensure that the chosen style enhances the understanding of your message rather than confusing it.
In summary, while there are variations in how different style guides recommend handling the placement of periods in relation to quotation marks, the overarching principle is to prioritize clarity and consistency in your writing.
